Here are some medical conditions most common that can cause abdominal pains.

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of right lower abdominal pain. This condition occurs if the appendix becomes infected.

The symptoms may be one or combination of the following: fever, nausea, and or vomiting, pain in the upper mid abdomen.

Ectopic Pregnancy

In an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized ovum gets implanted anywhere but the womb most commonly in the fallopian tube. Sometime during pregnancy the tube will burst or rupture thus bringing about the symptoms of severe abdominal pain, fainting or loss of consciousness, dizzy spells, weakness, cold sweats or at times vaginal spotting.

Peptic Disease

The most common cause of pain in upper mid-abdominal is hyper acidity. A condition where the stomach produces excessive acid secretion causing spasm of the stomach wall due to the irregular eating habits and stress.

Continuous repeated and prolonged episodes of this condition can end up as peptic ulcer. The constant irritation of the acid on the stomach lining can create an ulcer in the stomach wall. Spasm will occur causing the pain and bleeding can be a complication. If the acid backflows upwards the chest pain can simulate a heart attack.

Gall Bladder Disease

The gall bladder is a small organ located in the right upper quadrant below the liver. It secretes bile which is important in the digestion of food. When the gall bladder becomes infected or if it has stones it can produce terrible right upper abdominal pain.

The terrible pain may have fever if it is associated with infection, referred pain to the right shoulder, history of a recent fatty diet and a history of similar repeated attacks in the past.

Pancreatitis

The pancreas is an organ that secretes insulin located in the mid-abdomen below the stomach and towards the back. Inflammation or infection of the pancreas is the most common among alcoholics. Tumors of the pancreas can also cause similar pains.

Ovarian Tumors

The ovaries are part of female reproductive system located on both sides of the lower abdomen. In the presence of an ovarian tumor because of its weight, the stem or pedicle can twist or rupture producing terrible lower abdominal pains.

After the age of 50 cancer of the ovary is one of the most common tumors to occur.

Urinary System Diseases

Urinary tract infection is a common cause of lower abdominal pains. Urinary stones anywhere in the urinary tract: kidney, ureters, urinary bladder can cause severe pain, depending upon their location.

Pelvic Infection

The pelvic organs, uterus fallopian tubes and ovaries, are located in the lower abdomen. When they get infected with any STD or sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, gonorrhea, syphilis, etc. there is excruciating pains especially in the presence of abscess formation.

Associated symptoms are fever, foul vaginal discharge, severe pain on touching the belly or on sex, vaginal spotting at times and or diarrhea. Liver Diseases

The liver is located in the right upper abdomen below the right rib cage. Any disease like infection, tumor or growth, collection of pus, and or parasitic infestation by amoeba can produce pain.

Rupture of a cyst or abscess can produce infection of the abdominal cavity or pneumonia or lung abscess if it ruptures upwards.

There are other conditions causing pain in the abdomen like Hernias as ovulation in women can also cause abdominal pain.